Institutional Environment, Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Orientation for SME in Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
17-24
Received:
31 October 2019
Accepted:
9 January 2020
Published:
25 August 2020
Abstract: The economic performance related implications of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship based SMEs are questionable in the Nigeria context due to lack of entrepreneurial tendency and mismatch between education acquisition and market-based skills requirement; lack of proper institutional infrastructure that facilitates in creation, identification and exploitation of opportunities and acquisition of resources. This research reviews the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and institutional environment in entrepreneurial orientation and development of a successful entrepreneurship-based SME. The aim is to integrate the institutional environment, self-efficacy, to address the aforementioned challenges to entrepreneurship-based SME’s development. The review encouraged the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and institutional environment in the development of a successful entrepreneurship-based SME. Entrepreneurship, regardless of social, economic and geopolitical circumstances, is a critical engine for sustainable economic growth. Entrepreneurship is frequently considered as a remedy to the severe global sustainability challenges by both scholarly as well as practitioner-based research findings. Entrepreneurship itself is an outcome of a set of human characteristics that enables one to identify, exploit and even create market opportunities related to incremental growth. These characteristics enable entrepreneurs to comprehend and utilize the known and familiar tactics to market-related prospects while simultaneously trying to identify new opportunities and approaches that lend efficiency. Nevertheless, the production and operation of a successful small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) enterprise is a major concern.
Abstract: The economic performance related implications of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship based SMEs are questionable in the Nigeria context due to lack of entrepreneurial tendency and mismatch between education acquisition and market-based skills requirement; lack of proper institutional infrastructure that facilitates in creation, identification and...
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Assessment of Palm Kernel Shells as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregates in Highway Pavements
Apeh Ocholi Adejoh Samuel
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
25-29
Received:
3 February 2020
Accepted:
18 February 2020
Published:
27 August 2020
Abstract: This paper looked at the potentials of partially replacing palm kernel shells with coarse aggregates in road binder course with emphasis on strength of the asphalt concrete as given by the Marshal Stability and flow values. The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of replacing coarse aggregates with palm kernel shells in highway pavements. The following methodology was adopted in the research, Specified proportions of each material such as 4% filler of size 0.075mm, 35% quarry stone dust of maximum size 5mm, 6% river sand of maximum size 5mm also and 20% crushed stone of size 5-16mm, 35% crushed stone of size 16-20 mm with 6% bitumen of penetration grade 60/70 was mixed together at 163°C. The mixture was compacted with 50 blows both at the top and bottom to obtain cylindrical samples for the Marshall Stability tests. Palm kernel shells were partially replaced at 0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 100% by weight of total coarse aggregate in the mixture. The study found that palm kernel shells can be used to replace coarse aggregate up to 20% before drastic reductions become noticeable. It is therefore recommended that for heavily trafficked roads, palm kernel shells up to 10% can be used for the replacement while even above 70% replacement is possible for lightly trafficked roads in the rural settings.
Abstract: This paper looked at the potentials of partially replacing palm kernel shells with coarse aggregates in road binder course with emphasis on strength of the asphalt concrete as given by the Marshal Stability and flow values. The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of replacing coarse aggregates with palm kernel shells in highway pavements...
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The Sustainability of Concessioning Itobe-Ajaokuta Expressway to the Private Sector
Apeh Ocholi Adejoh Samuel
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
30-36
Received:
2 February 2020
Accepted:
20 February 2020
Published:
27 August 2020
Abstract: The study focused on the Sustainability of Concessioning of Itobe-Ajaokuta Expressway to the private sector. The methodology adopted was the traffic volume count for 30 days, which enabled me to calculate the number of vehicles for each of the six different classes of vehicle plying the road daily. The study found that a total of 78,690 vehicles use the road daily. The vehicles were categorised into six (6) different groups, and tolls to be paid allocated to each of them. From the research carried out, a total of One hundred and thirty four million, four hundred and eighty thousand, six hundred naira (#134, 480, 600), could be realised from toll charges annually. It was also found that the road is 5.05Km long and that it would cost the sum of Six hundred and eight million, four hundred and fifteen thousand, nine hundred and twenty naira (#608,415,920), to construct the road. The key objective was to analyse whether concessioning the expressway to the private sector is sustainable, that is whether the toll charges will be able to construct and maintain the road within the concession period of thirty years. The study recommends that Kogi State government could approach the African Development Bank for loan to construct this very critical road in order to alleviate the sufferings of the Nigerian people plying the road. The study concludes that the Ajaokuta-Itobe Expressway concession project is a viable and sustainable project, and that it will increase the welfare of the people, and directly or indirectly improve the standard of living of the people, and that rehabilitating the 5.05km of Itobe-Ajaokuta expressway will reduce environmental pollution, vehicle operating costs and travel time on the road thereby promoting economic development through improved transport services.
Abstract: The study focused on the Sustainability of Concessioning of Itobe-Ajaokuta Expressway to the private sector. The methodology adopted was the traffic volume count for 30 days, which enabled me to calculate the number of vehicles for each of the six different classes of vehicle plying the road daily. The study found that a total of 78,690 vehicles us...
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